Lead fracture

Patient

23-year-old woman implanted with a Lumax DR-T dual-chamber ICD for resuscitated sudden death; event report (yellow color) in the setting of a VF episode.



Trace

  1. paced rhythm in the atrium and sensed in the ventricle;
  2. PVC;
  3. polymorphic ventricular arrhythmia sensed in the VF zone;
  4. sensing of a VF episode and charging of the capacitors;
  5. end of the charge;
  6. shock delivered (40 joules, 65 Ohms) on the first interval classified as VF following the charge;
  7. effective shock;
  8. oversensing of a disorganized high-amplitude ventricular signal initially following the R wave at the level of the sensing channel and the far-field channel;
  9. increase of the oversensing, the signals no longer in rhythm with the QRS complexes;
  10. the oversensing is prolonged although the VF redetection counter (24 out of 30 intervals) is never filled.

Comments

A lead fracture is revealed in this patient as a result of the sensing of a VF episode and the delivery of an electric shock. The delivered electric shock sometimes stretches an already strained and previously weakened lead, thereby favoring its fracture. The first shock delivered on the ventricular arrhythmia episode is effective with a shock impedance within the normal range with no oversensing episode recorded beforehand in the device memory. The pacing impedances were also strictly normal prior to the episode with a clear increase in values as a result of this episode. The association of very short, disorganized intervals and high impedance values is suggestive of a lead fracture. This patient underwent a lead extraction and implantation of a new ipsilateral lead.

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