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A. the paced atrial AV delay is usually programmed longer than the sensed atrial AV delay
B. the sensed atrial AV delay is usually programmed longer than the paced atrial AV delay
C. failure of atrial sensing
D. ineffective ventricular pacing
E. minimum rate programmed at 60 beats/minute
A. there is a post-atrial sensing ventricular blanking
B. there is a post-atrial pacing ventricular blanking
C. there is a post-atrial sensing ventricular safety window
D. there is a post-atrial pacing ventricular safety window
E. ventricular sensing during the safety window causes ventricular pacing 100 ms after the atrial stimulus
A. this is a PMT
B. this is a sinus tachycardia
C. this is an atrial sensing failure (low-amplitude signals)
D. this is a 2:1 flutter
E. the pacemaker has switched to DDI as fallback mode
A. switching occurs as a result of atrial bigeminism
B. switching occurs as a result of crosstalk
C. switching occurs as a result of an atrial flutter
D. switching occurs as a result of an AF
E. switching occurs as a result of noise oversensing
A. the maximum synchronous rate is programmed at 120 beats/minute
B. the PMT begins following the occurrence of a doublet of premature ventricular contractions
C. VIP programming promotes the occurrence of retrograde conduction
D. to confirm the presence of the PMT, the device modifies the AV delay for one cycle
E. to terminate the PMT, the device extends the PVARP for one cycle
A. this is most likely a VT episode
B. this is most likely a PMT
C. this is most likely a sinus tachycardia episode
D. this is most likely an AF episode
E. this is most likely a 2:1 flutter episode
A. this is an atrial tachycardia episode
B. this is a PMT
C. there is an increase in atrial threshold
D. in the second portion of the tracing, atrial activation is retrograde (AR)
E. in the second portion of the tracing, atrial pacing is ineffective since occurring in the atrial refractory period