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.elementor-element.elementor-element-dc2ffa2{--grid-columns:1;}}</style>{"id":231,"date":"2025-07-09T13:40:50","date_gmt":"2025-07-09T13:40:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/?page_id=231"},"modified":"2026-09-27T14:19:56","modified_gmt":"2026-09-27T14:19:56","slug":"modes-de-stimulation-classiques","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/pacing-defibrillation\/basic-concepts\/pacemaker\/traditional-pacing-modes\/","title":{"rendered":"Modes traditionnels de stimulation"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"231\" class=\"elementor elementor-231\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86f3228 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"86f3228\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-86b29d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"86b29d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Traditional pacing modes<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4973bd0 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4973bd0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-no-translation=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4367a4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b4367a4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>En fonction du nombre de sondes et du mod\u00e8le de dispositif implant\u00e9, diff\u00e9rents modes de stimulation sont programmables. Le choix du mode est une \u00e9tape essentielle de la programmation d\u2019un stimulateur simple ou double chambre, car il impacte directement le choix des autres param\u00e8tres ; il tient compte de l\u2019\u00e2ge du patient, de son indication d\u2019implantation, de son rythme intrins\u00e8que, de sa capacit\u00e9 d\u2019effort, de ses comp\u00e9tences chronotropes et de ses comorbidit\u00e9s. Le fonctionnement, les avantages et les inconv\u00e9nients de chaque mode doivent \u00eatre familiers du m\u00e9decin assurant le suivi.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a518881 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a518881\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"background:#eef5f9;border-left:4px solid #173C58;padding:12px 16px;border-radius:4px;margin:4px 0 18px\"><strong>Exemples sch\u00e9matiques et cliniques.<\/strong> Chaque mode est illustr\u00e9 par un exemple sch\u00e9matique (le principe de fonctionnement) puis, dans l\u2019encadr\u00e9, par un exemple clinique. Tous les exemples cliniques (extraits de <em>Devenez expert en interrogation et programmation, Tome 1 : les stimulateurs cardiaques<\/em>, chapitre 3) proviennent du m\u00eame patient, enregistr\u00e9s 3 jours apr\u00e8s l\u2019implantation d\u2019un stimulateur double chambre Adapta (Medtronic) : homme de 63 ans, ant\u00e9c\u00e9dents de FA paroxystique, bloc de branche droit, 3 syncopes et intervalle HV allong\u00e9 (82 ms). La d\u00e9rivation DI porte les marqueurs (AS\/VS = d\u00e9tection atriale\/ventriculaire, AP\/VP = stimulation atriale\/ventriculaire, AR = \u00e9v\u00e9nement atrial en p\u00e9riode r\u00e9fractaire), suivie des intervalles (ms) et des d\u00e9rivations DIII et DII.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed66ab3 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"ed66ab3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;],&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;bullets&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No headings were found on this page.&quot;,&quot;container&quot;:&quot;.elementor-element-86f3228&quot;,&quot;icon&quot;:{&quot;value&quot;:&quot;fas fa-circle&quot;,&quot;library&quot;:&quot;fa-solid&quot;,&quot;rendered_tag&quot;:&quot;&lt;svg class=\\&quot;e-font-icon-svg e-fas-circle\\&quot; viewBox=\\&quot;0 0 512 512\\&quot; xmlns=\\&quot;http:\\\/\\\/www.w3.org\\\/2000\\\/svg\\&quot;&gt;&lt;path d=\\&quot;M256 8C119 8 8 119 8 256s111 248 248 248 248-111 248-248S393 8 256 8z\\&quot;&gt;&lt;\\\/path&gt;&lt;\\\/svg&gt;&quot;},&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tContent\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__ed66ab3\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Ouvrir la table des mati\u00e8res\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__ed66ab3\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Fermer la table des mati\u00e8res\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__ed66ab3\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-719cb1e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"719cb1e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-no-translation=\"\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-effaa34 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"effaa34\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le code international NBG<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6df1c90 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6df1c90\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s nord-am\u00e9ricaine (NASPE) et britannique (BPEG) de stimulation et d\u2019\u00e9lectrophysiologie ont d\u00e9fini le code international NBG (derni\u00e8re r\u00e9vision en 2002). Chaque mode est d\u00e9fini par un code \u00e0 4 ou 5 lettres d\u00e9crivant son fonctionnement de base ; en pratique, le code est raccourci \u00e0 3 ou 4 lettres et les modes les plus utilis\u00e9s sont VVI, VVIR, DDD et DDDR.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a7af4d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1a7af4d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"overflow-x:auto;margin:0 0 16px\"><table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;min-width:520px;font-size:15px\"><thead><tr><th style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;background:#eef3f7;color:#173C58\">Lettre<\/th><th style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;background:#eef3f7;color:#173C58\">D\u00e9finit<\/th><th style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;background:#eef3f7;color:#173C58\">Codes<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">1re<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">Cavit\u00e9(s) stimul\u00e9e(s)<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">V = ventricule, A = oreillette, D = les deux (A + V), O = aucune<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">2e<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">Cavit\u00e9(s) d\u00e9tect\u00e9e(s)<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">V, A, D ; O = aucune (fonctionnement asynchrone)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">3e<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">R\u00e9ponse \u00e0 la d\u00e9tection<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">I = inhib\u00e9, T = d\u00e9clench\u00e9 (triggered), D = les deux (I + T), O = aucune<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">4e<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">Asservissement de fr\u00e9quence<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">R = asservissement (capteur) ; lettre simplement omise s\u2019il n\u2019est pas programm\u00e9 : DDD et non DDDO<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">5e (optionnelle, peu utilis\u00e9e)<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">Stimulation multisite<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">O = aucune, A = oreillette, V = ventricule, D = les deux (A + V)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f6f5e13 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f6f5e13\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><strong>Inhib\u00e9 (I)<\/strong> : un \u00e9v\u00e9nement spontan\u00e9 d\u00e9tect\u00e9 suspend la stimulation.<\/li><li><strong>D\u00e9clench\u00e9 (T)<\/strong> : une d\u00e9tection d\u00e9clenche une stimulation (AAT, VVT). Dans la double r\u00e9ponse (D) des modes VDD et DDD, un \u00e9v\u00e9nement atrial d\u00e9tect\u00e9 d\u00e9clenche une stimulation ventriculaire si aucune d\u00e9tection ventriculaire ne survient pendant le d\u00e9lai AV (stimulation ventriculaire synchronis\u00e9e sur l\u2019oreillette).<\/li><li><strong>Le mode DDI n\u2019est pas un mode synchrone<\/strong> : une d\u00e9tection atriale ne d\u00e9clenche jamais de stimulation ventriculaire.<\/li><li><strong>O est la lettre O<\/strong>, et non le chiffre z\u00e9ro : AOO, VOO, DOO, ODO.<\/li><li><strong>S<\/strong> (simple chambre, A ou V) n\u2019est utilis\u00e9 que par les constructeurs : SSI = AAI ou VVI selon la position de la sonde.<\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e9d58a6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e9d58a6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Stimulation simple chambre<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35748d8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"35748d8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Modes asynchrones : AOO et VOO<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-268bd9f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"268bd9f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Stimulation simple chambre<\/li><li>Pas de d\u00e9tection<\/li><li>Stimulation asynchrone<\/li><\/ul><p>Les modes AOO et VOO d\u00e9livrent une stimulation asynchrone \u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence minimale programm\u00e9e : en l\u2019absence de d\u00e9tection, les \u00e9v\u00e9nements spontan\u00e9s n\u2019inhibent jamais la stimulation (stimuli r\u00e9guliers sur l\u2019ECG), et le seul param\u00e8tre temporel \u00e0 programmer est la fr\u00e9quence (fr\u00e9quence = 60 000 \/ intervalle de stimulation en ms). Les modes asynchrones (AOO, VOO, DOO) sont les modes les plus primitifs, les seuls disponibles sur les tout premiers stimulateurs.<\/p><p>Chez un patient non d\u00e9pendant, une comp\u00e9tition entre activit\u00e9 spontan\u00e9e et activit\u00e9 stimul\u00e9e survient (parasystolie) et une stimulation peut tomber en p\u00e9riode vuln\u00e9rable, avec un risque de FA (stimulation atriale) ou, tr\u00e8s rarement en dehors d\u2019une isch\u00e9mie myocardique ou d\u2019un trouble m\u00e9tabolique, de FV (ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne R sur T). Une fr\u00e9quence sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence spontan\u00e9e favorise une capture effective et r\u00e9duit ce risque, sans l\u2019annuler. Les modes asynchrones ne sont donc utilis\u00e9s que temporairement : chez un patient d\u00e9pendant devant b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier d\u2019une chirurgie avec bistouri \u00e9lectrique (pour \u00e9viter une inhibition et une asystolie) ou d\u2019une IRM, et comme r\u00e9ponse classique \u00e0 l\u2019aimant (voir plus bas).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b5b3f5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8b5b3f5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le mode VVI\/VVIR<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97a7a68 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"97a7a68\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Stimulation ventriculaire<\/li><li>D\u00e9tection ventriculaire<\/li><li>Inhibition par la d\u00e9tection d\u2019un signal ventriculaire hors p\u00e9riode r\u00e9fractaire<\/li><\/ul><p>Le mode VVI permet une stimulation ventriculaire \u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence de base en l\u2019absence d\u2019inhibition par une d\u00e9tection ventriculaire, toute d\u00e9tection ou stimulation d\u00e9clenchant un nouvel intervalle d\u2019\u00e9chappement ; en mode VVIR, la fr\u00e9quence suit l\u2019activit\u00e9 du patient mesur\u00e9e par un capteur. La d\u00e9tection ventriculaire peut \u00eatre retard\u00e9e par rapport au d\u00e9but du QRS de surface, en particulier en cas de bloc de branche droit (le signal n\u2019est d\u00e9tect\u00e9 que lorsque l\u2019activation atteint la sonde ventriculaire droite). Un signal survenant dans la p\u00e9riode r\u00e9fractaire qui suit chaque d\u00e9tection ou stimulation ne recycle pas l\u2019intervalle d\u2019\u00e9chappement, ce qui \u00e9vite une double d\u00e9tection du QRS et la d\u00e9tection de l\u2019onde T.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e7c8b4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1e7c8b4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d94e2b0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d94e2b0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Exemple sch\u00e9matique du mode VVI<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f7cdb7c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f7cdb7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_1.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"pm_traditionalmodes_1\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzQyNywidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2NhcmRpb2Nhc2VzLmNvbVwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMTBcL3BtX3RyYWRpdGlvbmFsbW9kZXNfMS5wbmcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"647\" height=\"338\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_1.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-3427\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_1.png 647w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_1-300x157.png 300w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_1-18x9.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 647px) 100vw, 647px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2800d26 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2800d26\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"background:#f1f5f8;border-left:4px solid #7DA5B9;padding:9px 13px;margin:2px 0 4px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;border-radius:0 4px 4px 0\"><strong>Figure \u2013<\/strong> Le mode VVI fournit une stimulation simple chambre \u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence de stimulation programm\u00e9e, \u00e0 moins d\u2019une inhibition par un \u00e9v\u00e9nement d\u00e9tect\u00e9 ; un intervalle d\u2019\u00e9chappement d\u00e9bute apr\u00e8s toute d\u00e9tection ventriculaire. <em>AP\/AS : \u00e9v\u00e9nement atrial stimul\u00e9\/d\u00e9tect\u00e9 ; VP\/VS : \u00e9v\u00e9nement ventriculaire stimul\u00e9\/d\u00e9tect\u00e9.<\/em><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a84487a e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a84487a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a8c4470 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a8c4470\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Exemple clinique du mode VVI<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e7acb28 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e7acb28\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig1-fr.webp\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Traditional pacing modes \u2013 book tracing 1 (FR)\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTI2MjEsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9jYXJkaW9jYXNlcy5jb21cL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzA3XC9wbS10cmFkaXRpb25hbC1tb2Rlcy1ib29rLWZpZzEtZnIud2VicCJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1342\" height=\"608\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig1-fr.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-12621\" alt=\"Mode VVI \u00e0 60 bpm chez le patient de l\u2019exemple : stimulation ventriculaire (VP) permanente avec conduction atriale r\u00e9trograde 1\/1, une onde P r\u00e9trograde suivant chaque QRS stimul\u00e9.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig1-fr.webp 1342w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig1-fr-300x136.webp 300w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig1-fr-1024x464.webp 1024w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig1-fr-768x348.webp 768w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig1-fr-18x8.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1342px) 100vw, 1342px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71728e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"71728e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"background:#f1f5f8;border-left:4px solid #7DA5B9;padding:9px 13px;margin:2px 0 4px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;border-radius:0 4px 4px 0\"><strong>Figure \u2013<\/strong> Mode VVI \u00e0 60 bpm chez le patient de l\u2019exemple : stimulation ventriculaire (VP) permanente avec conduction atriale r\u00e9trograde 1\/1, une onde P r\u00e9trograde suivant chaque QRS stimul\u00e9.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-204e354 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"204e354\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le mode VVI emp\u00eache toute bradycardie ventriculaire et est indiqu\u00e9 pr\u00e9f\u00e9rentiellement en cas de FA lente, la d\u00e9tection et la stimulation atriales \u00e9tant alors inutiles. Avec une fr\u00e9quence minimale inf\u00e9rieure \u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence spontan\u00e9e (par exemple 40 bpm), il fonctionne en <strong>mode sentinelle<\/strong>, avec une stimulation de secours uniquement si n\u00e9cessaire, ce qui convient aux patients ne n\u00e9cessitant qu\u2019une stimulation occasionnelle. En cas de dysfonction sinusale, une fr\u00e9quence minimale sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence sinusale rend la stimulation ventriculaire permanente, avec une possible conduction atriale r\u00e9trograde : la contraction atriale survient valves auriculoventriculaires ferm\u00e9es, avec un flux r\u00e9trograde vers les veines pulmonaires et les veines caves, pouvant entra\u00eener un <strong>syndrome du pacemaker<\/strong> (dyspn\u00e9e, orthopn\u00e9e, pulsations dans le cou, palpitations, douleur thoracique).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8add203 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8add203\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le mode AAI\/AAIR<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9cd2a80 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9cd2a80\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Stimulation atriale<\/li><li>D\u00e9tection atriale<\/li><li>Inhibition par la d\u00e9tection d\u2019un signal atrial hors p\u00e9riode r\u00e9fractaire<\/li><\/ul><p>Le mode AAI, \u00e9quivalent atrial du mode VVI, permet une stimulation atriale \u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence de base en l\u2019absence d\u2019inhibition par une d\u00e9tection atriale (fr\u00e9quence asservie en mode AAIR). La programmation est globalement la m\u00eame qu\u2019en mode VVI, mais les signaux atriaux \u00e9tant plus faibles, une sensibilit\u00e9 plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e (valeur programm\u00e9e plus basse) est n\u00e9cessaire, et la p\u00e9riode r\u00e9fractaire doit \u00eatre plus longue pour \u00e9viter la surd\u00e9tection de la t\u00e9l\u00e9-onde R, qui ralentirait la fr\u00e9quence de stimulation en recyclant l\u2019intervalle d\u2019\u00e9chappement. Cette surd\u00e9tection se corrige en diminuant la sensibilit\u00e9 atriale et\/ou en prolongeant la p\u00e9riode r\u00e9fractaire.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25ef783 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"25ef783\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e4d2420 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e4d2420\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Exemple sch\u00e9matique du mode AAI<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7d53f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"b7d53f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_2.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"pm_traditionalmodes_2\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzQyOCwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2NhcmRpb2Nhc2VzLmNvbVwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMTBcL3BtX3RyYWRpdGlvbmFsbW9kZXNfMi5wbmcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"647\" height=\"333\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_2.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-3428\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_2.png 647w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_2-300x154.png 300w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_2-18x9.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 647px) 100vw, 647px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b67f6f0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b67f6f0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"background:#f1f5f8;border-left:4px solid #7DA5B9;padding:9px 13px;margin:2px 0 4px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;border-radius:0 4px 4px 0\"><strong>Figure \u2013<\/strong> Aspect \u00e9lectrocardiographique typique : stimulation et capture atriale avec inhibition de la stimulation lors de la d\u00e9tection d\u2019une activit\u00e9 atriale spontan\u00e9e (AR : \u00e9v\u00e9nement atrial en p\u00e9riode r\u00e9fractaire). <em>AP\/AS : \u00e9v\u00e9nement atrial stimul\u00e9\/d\u00e9tect\u00e9 ; VP\/VS : \u00e9v\u00e9nement ventriculaire stimul\u00e9\/d\u00e9tect\u00e9.<\/em><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a47e1cb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a47e1cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2476fed elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2476fed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Exemple clinique du mode AAI<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0e6a8b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0e6a8b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig2-fr.webp\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Traditional pacing modes \u2013 book tracing 2 (FR)\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTI2MjMsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9jYXJkaW9jYXNlcy5jb21cL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzA3XC9wbS10cmFkaXRpb25hbC1tb2Rlcy1ib29rLWZpZzItZnIud2VicCJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1343\" height=\"563\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig2-fr.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-12623\" alt=\"Mode AAI \u00e0 60 bpm : stimulation atriale (AP) \u00e0 la fin de l\u2019intervalle d\u2019\u00e9chappement (1000 ms) ; une extrasystole atriale (ESA) est d\u00e9tect\u00e9e (AS) et inhibe la stimulation atriale. \u2026\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig2-fr.webp 1343w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig2-fr-300x126.webp 300w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig2-fr-1024x429.webp 1024w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig2-fr-768x322.webp 768w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig2-fr-18x8.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1343px) 100vw, 1343px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-93d518c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"93d518c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"background:#f1f5f8;border-left:4px solid #7DA5B9;padding:9px 13px;margin:2px 0 4px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;border-radius:0 4px 4px 0\"><strong>Figure \u2013<\/strong> Mode AAI \u00e0 60 bpm : stimulation atriale (AP) \u00e0 la fin de l\u2019intervalle d\u2019\u00e9chappement (1000 ms) ; une extrasystole atriale (ESA) est d\u00e9tect\u00e9e (AS) et inhibe la stimulation atriale. Une seconde ESA, non conduite, est \u00e9galement d\u00e9tect\u00e9e mais aucune stimulation ventriculaire ne suit : le mode AAI ne peut pas stimuler le ventricule, d\u2019o\u00f9 sa contre-indication en cas de trouble de conduction AV.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b316485 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b316485\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>L\u2019indication pr\u00e9f\u00e9rentielle du mode AAI(R) est la dysfonction sinusale pure. Il est strictement contre-indiqu\u00e9 en cas de trouble de conduction auriculoventriculaire permanent ou paroxystique et doit \u00eatre \u00e9vit\u00e9 chez les patients implant\u00e9s pour syncope vagale ou syndrome du sinus carotidien. S\u2019il est envisag\u00e9, la conduction auriculoventriculaire doit \u00eatre \u00e9valu\u00e9e : une conduction 1\/1 lors d\u2019une stimulation atriale \u00e0 120\u2013130 bpm, avec un intervalle PR et des QRS normaux, est un bon reflet d\u2019une conduction pr\u00e9serv\u00e9e.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7f28ab elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b7f28ab\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"background:#eef5f9;border-left:4px solid #173C58;padding:12px 16px;border-radius:4px;margin:4px 0 18px\"><strong>Ce que disent les recommandations.<\/strong> La stimulation atriale seule \u00e0 sonde unique (AAI\/AAIR) n\u2019est plus que rarement choisie : les recommandations ESC 2021 font du mode DDD(R) le mode de premier choix dans la dysfonction sinusale, la stimulation AAIR ayant entra\u00een\u00e9 davantage de FA paroxystique et deux fois plus de r\u00e9interventions dans l\u2019essai DANPACE (BAV survenant chez 0,6 \u00e0 1,9 % des patients par an). Avec un stimulateur DDD, la r\u00e9duction de la stimulation ventriculaire inutile par la programmation est recommand\u00e9e (classe I, niveau A) : voir plus bas.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0c40fb2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"0c40fb2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Modes d\u00e9clench\u00e9s : AAT et VVT<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d80bf15 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d80bf15\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Stimulation atriale ou ventriculaire<\/li><li>D\u00e9tection atriale ou ventriculaire<\/li><li>D\u00e9clenchement de la stimulation sur onde P ou onde R d\u00e9tect\u00e9e hors p\u00e9riode r\u00e9fractaire<\/li><\/ul><p>En modes AAT et VVT, la stimulation se produit \u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence minimale, mais un \u00e9v\u00e9nement d\u00e9tect\u00e9 hors p\u00e9riode r\u00e9fractaire d\u00e9clenche une stimulation imm\u00e9diate dans la m\u00eame cavit\u00e9 au lieu de l\u2019inhiber ; cette stimulation n\u2019est pas dangereuse car elle survient dans la p\u00e9riode r\u00e9fractaire naturelle du myocarde. La fr\u00e9quence maximale de stimulation et la p\u00e9riode r\u00e9fractaire \u00e9vitent l\u2019emballement du stimulateur sur des signaux rapides. Sur l\u2019ECG en mode VVT, un stimulus appara\u00eet \u00e0 l\u2019int\u00e9rieur de chaque QRS d\u00e9tect\u00e9, dont l\u2019aspect est inchang\u00e9 (pseudo-fusion) ou l\u00e9g\u00e8rement modifi\u00e9 (fusion) ; le mode AAT en est l\u2019\u00e9quivalent atrial.<\/p><p>Utiles sur les stimulateurs anciens \u00e0 d\u00e9tection unipolaire, tr\u00e8s sensibles aux interf\u00e9rences, les modes d\u00e9clench\u00e9s sont aujourd\u2019hui tr\u00e8s rarement programm\u00e9s au long cours (ils augmentent aussi inutilement la consommation de la pile). Ils restent utiles temporairement pour \u00e9viter une inhibition chez un patient d\u00e9pendant lors d\u2019une chirurgie avec bistouri \u00e9lectrique, et \u00e0 vis\u00e9e diagnostique : chaque stimulus mat\u00e9rialise sur l\u2019ECG le moment de la d\u00e9tection, pour v\u00e9rifier la qualit\u00e9 de la d\u00e9tection et l\u2019absence de surd\u00e9tection. Le mode double chambre d\u00e9clench\u00e9, DDT, est de m\u00eame un mode de test temporaire de la d\u00e9tection.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-369eaa2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"369eaa2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Stimulation double chambre<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b64dab4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"b64dab4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mode ODO : d\u00e9tection sans stimulation<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c4735ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c4735ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>En mode ODO, le dispositif d\u00e9tecte l\u2019oreillette et le ventricule mais ne stimule jamais, quelle que soit la fr\u00e9quence spontan\u00e9e ; marqueurs et \u00e9lectrogrammes visualisent la d\u00e9tection dans les deux cavit\u00e9s (chez le patient de l\u2019exemple : rythme sinusal d\u00e9tect\u00e9 AS-VS, QRS larges et extrasystoles atriales). Le mode ODO n\u2019est programm\u00e9 que temporairement, \u00e0 vis\u00e9e diagnostique (v\u00e9rification de la d\u00e9tection) ou chez les patients non d\u00e9pendants devant b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier d\u2019une IRM ; jamais au long cours, pour des raisons de s\u00e9curit\u00e9, sauf si la stimulation est jug\u00e9e d\u00e9l\u00e9t\u00e8re.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60c53fc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"60c53fc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Mode DOO : stimulation double chambre asynchrone<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b99031 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8b99031\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Double stimulation asynchrone<\/li><li>Pas de d\u00e9tection<\/li><\/ul><p>Le mode DOO d\u00e9livre une stimulation s\u00e9quentielle atrioventriculaire asynchrone \u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence minimale programm\u00e9e, sans inhibition possible par les \u00e9v\u00e9nements spontan\u00e9s atriaux ou ventriculaires. Les d\u00e9lais AV et VA sont fixes et ne sont pas recycl\u00e9s, puisque la d\u00e9tection n\u2019est pas possible. Ses risques et ses indications sont ceux des modes asynchrones d\u00e9crits plus haut.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a963813 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a963813\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-08253d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"08253d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Exemple sch\u00e9matique du mode DOO<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e4fb59 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1e4fb59\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_3.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"pm_traditionalmodes_3\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzQyOSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2NhcmRpb2Nhc2VzLmNvbVwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMTBcL3BtX3RyYWRpdGlvbmFsbW9kZXNfMy5wbmcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"668\" height=\"338\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_3.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-3429\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_3.png 668w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_3-300x152.png 300w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_3-18x9.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 668px) 100vw, 668px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-661b120 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"661b120\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"background:#f1f5f8;border-left:4px solid #7DA5B9;padding:9px 13px;margin:2px 0 4px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;border-radius:0 4px 4px 0\"><strong>Figure \u2013<\/strong> Le mode DOO fournit une stimulation s\u00e9quentielle AV \u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence minimale programm\u00e9e sans inhibition par des \u00e9v\u00e9nements intrins\u00e8ques : les d\u00e9lais AV et VA sont fixes et ne sont pas recycl\u00e9s puisque la d\u00e9tection n\u2019est pas possible. <em>AP\/AS : \u00e9v\u00e9nement atrial stimul\u00e9\/d\u00e9tect\u00e9 ; VP\/VS : \u00e9v\u00e9nement ventriculaire stimul\u00e9\/d\u00e9tect\u00e9.<\/em><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a4d1b7 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1a4d1b7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-552d778 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"552d778\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Exemple clinique du mode DOO<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73a0787 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"73a0787\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig3-fr.webp\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Traditional pacing modes \u2013 book tracing 3 (FR)\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTI2MjUsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9jYXJkaW9jYXNlcy5jb21cL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzA3XC9wbS10cmFkaXRpb25hbC1tb2Rlcy1ib29rLWZpZzMtZnIud2VicCJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1339\" height=\"570\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig3-fr.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-12625\" alt=\"Mode DOO \u00e0 40 bpm (1500 ms entre les cycles) : stimulation atriale et ventriculaire asynchrone, sans d\u00e9tection. Un QRS spontan\u00e9 est ignor\u00e9 ; les stimulations qui le suivent sont i\u2026\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig3-fr.webp 1339w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig3-fr-300x128.webp 300w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig3-fr-1024x436.webp 1024w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig3-fr-768x327.webp 768w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig3-fr-18x8.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1339px) 100vw, 1339px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff63431 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ff63431\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"background:#f1f5f8;border-left:4px solid #7DA5B9;padding:9px 13px;margin:2px 0 4px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;border-radius:0 4px 4px 0\"><strong>Figure \u2013<\/strong> Mode DOO \u00e0 40 bpm (1500 ms entre les cycles) : stimulation atriale et ventriculaire asynchrone, sans d\u00e9tection. Un QRS spontan\u00e9 est ignor\u00e9 ; les stimulations qui le suivent sont inefficaces (p\u00e9riode r\u00e9fractaire) et la stimulation ventriculaire tombe sur l\u2019onde T, en p\u00e9riode vuln\u00e9rable.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a8e448c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a8e448c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"background:#eef5f9;border-left:4px solid #173C58;padding:12px 16px;border-radius:4px;margin:4px 0 18px\"><strong>R\u00e9ponse \u00e0 l\u2019aimant.<\/strong> L\u2019aimant ferme l\u2019interrupteur magn\u00e9tique (reed-switch) du bo\u00eetier et entra\u00eene classiquement une stimulation asynchrone \u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence aimant, qui refl\u00e8te l\u2019\u00e9tat de la pile : AOO ou VOO pour les stimulateurs simple chambre, VOO pour le mode VDD, DOO pour les modes DDD et DDI. Mais le mode et la fr\u00e9quence aimant d\u00e9pendent du constructeur, du mod\u00e8le, de la programmation et de l\u2019\u00e9tat de la pile : la r\u00e9ponse est programmable sur les stimulateurs Abbott, Boston Scientific et Biotronik, peut \u00eatre d\u00e9sactiv\u00e9e sur certains dispositifs, ou d\u00e9clencher \u00e0 la place un enregistrement d\u2019EGM ou une recherche de seuil. Par exemple, le mode aimant AUTO (par d\u00e9faut) des stimulateurs Biotronik n\u2019entra\u00eene que 10 battements asynchrones \u00e0 90 bpm avant le retour au mode programm\u00e9 : en p\u00e9riop\u00e9ratoire, il faut le reprogrammer en ASYNC.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11dd655 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"11dd655\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le mode VDD<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a9281c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0a9281c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Stimulation ventriculaire<\/li><li>Double d\u00e9tection (atriale et ventriculaire)<\/li><li>La d\u00e9tection atriale d\u00e9clenche la stimulation ventriculaire apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9lai AV ; la d\u00e9tection ventriculaire l\u2019inhibe<\/li><\/ul><p>Le mode VDD permet une d\u00e9tection atriale et ventriculaire mais uniquement une stimulation ventriculaire. C\u2019est un mode synchrone : un \u00e9v\u00e9nement atrial d\u00e9tect\u00e9 d\u00e9clenche une stimulation ventriculaire apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9lai AV, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence maximale synchrone. Quand le rythme atrial spontan\u00e9 est plus lent que la fr\u00e9quence minimale, une stimulation de type VVI est d\u00e9livr\u00e9e \u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence minimale, aucune stimulation atriale n\u2019\u00e9tant possible. Le mode VDD est utilis\u00e9 pr\u00e9f\u00e9rentiellement avec une sonde unique VDD (sonde ventriculaire avec dip\u00f4le flottant dans l\u2019oreillette), mais c\u2019est aussi une option de programmation de nombreux stimulateurs double chambre.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d5ee96 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1d5ee96\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24f8627 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"24f8627\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Exemple sch\u00e9matique du mode VDD<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8343bbd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8343bbd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_6.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"pm_traditionalmodes_6\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzQzMiwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2NhcmRpb2Nhc2VzLmNvbVwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMTBcL3BtX3RyYWRpdGlvbmFsbW9kZXNfNi5wbmcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"670\" height=\"321\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_6.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-3432\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_6.png 670w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_6-300x144.png 300w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_6-18x9.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 670px) 100vw, 670px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14417ff elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"14417ff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"background:#f1f5f8;border-left:4px solid #7DA5B9;padding:9px 13px;margin:2px 0 4px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;border-radius:0 4px 4px 0\"><strong>Figure \u2013<\/strong> Le ventricule est stimul\u00e9 de fa\u00e7on synchrone \u00e0 l\u2019oreillette d\u00e9tect\u00e9e jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence maximale synchrone ; en l\u2019absence d\u2019\u00e9v\u00e9nement atrial, la stimulation est de type VVI \u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence minimale. <em>AP\/AS : \u00e9v\u00e9nement atrial stimul\u00e9\/d\u00e9tect\u00e9 ; VP\/VS : \u00e9v\u00e9nement ventriculaire stimul\u00e9\/d\u00e9tect\u00e9.<\/em><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-328d84d e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"328d84d\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-03a5667 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"03a5667\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Exemple clinique du mode VDD<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d92c0c3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d92c0c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig4-fr.webp\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Traditional pacing modes \u2013 book tracing 4 (FR)\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTI2MjcsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9jYXJkaW9jYXNlcy5jb21cL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzA3XC9wbS10cmFkaXRpb25hbC1tb2Rlcy1ib29rLWZpZzQtZnIud2VicCJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1341\" height=\"562\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig4-fr.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-12627\" alt=\"Mode VDD \u00e0 60 bpm : chaque d\u00e9tection atriale (AS) d\u00e9clenche une stimulation ventriculaire (VP) ; quand le rythme atrial devient plus lent que la fr\u00e9quence minimale, la stimulation\u2026\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig4-fr.webp 1341w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig4-fr-300x126.webp 300w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig4-fr-1024x429.webp 1024w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig4-fr-768x322.webp 768w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig4-fr-18x8.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1341px) 100vw, 1341px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63fb0f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"63fb0f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"background:#f1f5f8;border-left:4px solid #7DA5B9;padding:9px 13px;margin:2px 0 4px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;border-radius:0 4px 4px 0\"><strong>Figure \u2013<\/strong> Mode VDD \u00e0 60 bpm : chaque d\u00e9tection atriale (AS) d\u00e9clenche une stimulation ventriculaire (VP) ; quand le rythme atrial devient plus lent que la fr\u00e9quence minimale, la stimulation ventriculaire survient apr\u00e8s 1000 ms (fonctionnement VVI), et l\u2019activit\u00e9 atriale r\u00e9trograde d\u00e9tect\u00e9e dans la p\u00e9riode r\u00e9fractaire atriale post-ventriculaire (PRAPV, marqueur AR) ne d\u00e9clenche ni d\u00e9lai AV ni stimulation ventriculaire.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02d0f29 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"02d0f29\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Le mode VDD peut \u00eatre programm\u00e9 en cas de BAV complet avec fonction sinusale pr\u00e9serv\u00e9e, pas en cas de dysfonction sinusale. Une fr\u00e9quence minimale basse, \u00e9ventuellement avec hyst\u00e9r\u00e9sis de fr\u00e9quence, favorise l\u2019activation atriale spontan\u00e9e et \u00e9vite un fonctionnement VVI et une conduction r\u00e9trograde. Avec un dip\u00f4le flottant, la d\u00e9tection atriale est parfois moins fiable qu\u2019avec une sonde atriale, surtout lors des mouvements respiratoires amples et \u00e0 l\u2019effort, ce qui alt\u00e8re aussi la d\u00e9tection des arythmies atriales et la fiabilit\u00e9 des m\u00e9moires ; chez un patient en BAV, une sous-d\u00e9tection atriale \u00e0 l\u2019effort entra\u00eene une baisse brutale de la fr\u00e9quence (retour \u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence minimale), avec possible syndrome du pacemaker et risque de TRE. Le mode VDD est aujourd\u2019hui \u00e9galement disponible sur certains stimulateurs sans sonde, dont l\u2019acc\u00e9l\u00e9rom\u00e8tre d\u00e9tecte la contraction atriale.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18d7659 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"18d7659\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le mode DDI\/DDIR<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-387443f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"387443f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Double stimulation (atriale et ventriculaire)<\/li><li>Double d\u00e9tection (atriale et ventriculaire)<\/li><li>Inhibition par les \u00e9v\u00e9nements d\u00e9tect\u00e9s (atriaux et ventriculaires) ; pas de synchronisation sur l\u2019oreillette<\/li><\/ul><p>Le mode DDI peut \u00eatre vu comme un mode DDD sans synchronisation ventriculaire sur l\u2019onde P. La stimulation atriale s\u2019effectue \u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence minimale, suivie d\u2019un d\u00e9lai AV et d\u2019une stimulation ventriculaire en l\u2019absence de d\u00e9tection ventriculaire. Un \u00e9v\u00e9nement atrial d\u00e9tect\u00e9 inhibe la stimulation atriale mais, \u00e0 la diff\u00e9rence du mode DDD, ne d\u00e9clenche pas de d\u00e9lai AV : le synchronisme auriculoventriculaire est respect\u00e9 en cas de stimulation atriale mais perdu chez un patient en BAV quand les ondes P sont spontan\u00e9es, le ventricule \u00e9tant alors stimul\u00e9 \u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence minimale, dissoci\u00e9 de l\u2019activit\u00e9 atriale (fonctionnement pseudo-VVI). La fr\u00e9quence de stimulation ne d\u00e9passe jamais la fr\u00e9quence minimale (ou la fr\u00e9quence asservie en mode DDIR) : une arythmie atriale rapide n\u2019entra\u00eene donc jamais de stimulation ventriculaire rapide.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a57149e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"a57149e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bc3ff7b elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"bc3ff7b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Exemple sch\u00e9matique du mode DDI<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f59a05 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5f59a05\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_5.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"pm_traditionalmodes_5\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzQzMSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2NhcmRpb2Nhc2VzLmNvbVwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMTBcL3BtX3RyYWRpdGlvbmFsbW9kZXNfNS5wbmcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"658\" height=\"333\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_5.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-3431\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_5.png 658w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_5-300x152.png 300w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_5-18x9.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 658px) 100vw, 658px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b61387f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b61387f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"background:#f1f5f8;border-left:4px solid #7DA5B9;padding:9px 13px;margin:2px 0 4px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;border-radius:0 4px 4px 0\"><strong>Figure \u2013<\/strong> Un \u00e9v\u00e9nement atrial d\u00e9tect\u00e9 en dehors des p\u00e9riodes r\u00e9fractaires inhibe la stimulation atriale et ne d\u00e9clenche jamais de d\u00e9lai AV : en l\u2019absence de conduction AV spontan\u00e9e, la stimulation ventriculaire survient \u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence minimale, dissoci\u00e9e de la d\u00e9tection atriale, comme dans un stimulateur VVI. <em>AP\/AS : \u00e9v\u00e9nement atrial stimul\u00e9\/d\u00e9tect\u00e9 ; VP\/VS : \u00e9v\u00e9nement ventriculaire stimul\u00e9\/d\u00e9tect\u00e9.<\/em><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e625e8c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"e625e8c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0f2dfc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e0f2dfc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Exemple clinique du mode DDI<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7aba1aa elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7aba1aa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig5-fr.webp\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Traditional pacing modes \u2013 book tracing 5 (FR)\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTI2MjksInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9jYXJkaW9jYXNlcy5jb21cL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzA3XC9wbS10cmFkaXRpb25hbC1tb2Rlcy1ib29rLWZpZzUtZnIud2VicCJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1342\" height=\"570\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig5-fr.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-12629\" alt=\"Mode DDI \u00e0 60 bpm : stimulation atriale et ventriculaire \u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence de base (AP-VP), avec d\u00e9lai AV apr\u00e8s stimulation atriale ; apr\u00e8s une activit\u00e9 atriale spontan\u00e9e (AS), la st\u2026\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig5-fr.webp 1342w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig5-fr-300x127.webp 300w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig5-fr-1024x435.webp 1024w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig5-fr-768x326.webp 768w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig5-fr-18x8.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1342px) 100vw, 1342px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b88f038 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b88f038\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"background:#f1f5f8;border-left:4px solid #7DA5B9;padding:9px 13px;margin:2px 0 4px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;border-radius:0 4px 4px 0\"><strong>Figure \u2013<\/strong> Mode DDI \u00e0 60 bpm : stimulation atriale et ventriculaire \u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence de base (AP-VP), avec d\u00e9lai AV apr\u00e8s stimulation atriale ; apr\u00e8s une activit\u00e9 atriale spontan\u00e9e (AS), la stimulation atriale est inhib\u00e9e sans d\u00e9lai AV, et le ventricule est stimul\u00e9 \u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence de base ind\u00e9pendamment de l\u2019onde P (fonctionnement pseudo-VVI).<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78e999c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"78e999c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>La fr\u00e9quence minimale doit \u00eatre suffisamment haute, \u00e9ventuellement avec asservissement, pour favoriser la stimulation atriale et \u00e9viter les ondes P spontan\u00e9es, un fonctionnement pseudo-VVI et une conduction r\u00e9trograde. Le mode DDI est fr\u00e9quemment utilis\u00e9 comme mode de repli, pour \u00e9viter une stimulation ventriculaire rapide lors des arythmies atriales. Il peut \u00eatre programm\u00e9 au long cours chez des patients associant BAV complet, \u00e9pisodes de FA rapide et dysfonction sinusale (stimulation AP-VP), est utile quand l\u2019algorithme de repli fonctionne de fa\u00e7on sous-optimale, et peut \u00eatre propos\u00e9 en cas de TRE r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9es. Il ne convient pas au patient en BAV complet avec une fr\u00e9quence sinusale normale plus rapide, les ondes P ne d\u00e9clenchant pas de d\u00e9lai AV.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-081884e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"081884e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Le mode DDD\/DDDR<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-746a616 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"746a616\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li>Double stimulation (atriale et ventriculaire)<\/li><li>Double d\u00e9tection (atriale et ventriculaire)<\/li><li>Double r\u00e9ponse \u00e0 la d\u00e9tection (inhib\u00e9e et d\u00e9clench\u00e9e)<\/li><\/ul><p>Le mode DDD est le mode le plus fr\u00e9quemment programm\u00e9, adapt\u00e9 \u00e0 la dysfonction sinusale et\/ou au BAV, et le mode standard des stimulateurs double chambre et de resynchronisation ; il assure une synchronisation auriculoventriculaire au repos comme \u00e0 l\u2019effort. Une activit\u00e9 atriale ou ventriculaire spontan\u00e9e survenant hors p\u00e9riodes r\u00e9fractaires inhibe la stimulation dans la cavit\u00e9 concern\u00e9e, et chaque \u00e9v\u00e9nement atrial stimul\u00e9, ou d\u00e9tect\u00e9 hors p\u00e9riodes r\u00e9fractaires, d\u00e9clenche un d\u00e9lai AV suivi d\u2019une stimulation ventriculaire en l\u2019absence de d\u00e9tection ventriculaire. Le mode DDD peut ainsi d\u00e9livrer des s\u00e9quences AP-VP, AP-VS, AS-VP (stimulation ventriculaire synchronis\u00e9e sur l\u2019oreillette) ou AS-VS (inhibition compl\u00e8te).<\/p><p>Les d\u00e9lais AV apr\u00e8s \u00e9v\u00e9nement atrial d\u00e9tect\u00e9 et stimul\u00e9 sont programmables s\u00e9par\u00e9ment ; ils peuvent se raccourcir quand la fr\u00e9quence augmente (d\u00e9lai AV adaptable) ou s\u2019allonger pour favoriser la conduction spontan\u00e9e. La stimulation ventriculaire suit les \u00e9v\u00e9nements atriaux d\u00e9tect\u00e9s jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence maximale synchrone, au-del\u00e0 de laquelle le ventricule n\u2019est plus stimul\u00e9 \u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence des oreillettes. En mode DDDR, le stimulateur suit la plus rapide des fr\u00e9quences atriale et asservie ; la fr\u00e9quence maximale synchrone et la fr\u00e9quence maximale asservie sont programmables s\u00e9par\u00e9ment.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ff73a5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6ff73a5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fe9da43 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"fe9da43\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Exemple sch\u00e9matique du mode DDD<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e78b4f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"e78b4f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_4.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"pm_traditionalmodes_4\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MzQzMCwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2NhcmRpb2Nhc2VzLmNvbVwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMTBcL3BtX3RyYWRpdGlvbmFsbW9kZXNfNC5wbmcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"661\" height=\"330\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_4.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-3430\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_4.png 661w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_4-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/pm_traditionalmodes_4-18x9.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 661px) 100vw, 661px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0d57ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e0d57ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"background:#f1f5f8;border-left:4px solid #7DA5B9;padding:9px 13px;margin:2px 0 4px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;border-radius:0 4px 4px 0\"><strong>Figure \u2013<\/strong> Chaque \u00e9v\u00e9nement atrial stimul\u00e9 ou d\u00e9tect\u00e9 marque le d\u00e9but d\u2019un d\u00e9lai AV ; un \u00e9v\u00e9nement ventriculaire stimul\u00e9 peut suivre un \u00e9v\u00e9nement atrial d\u00e9tect\u00e9 jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la fr\u00e9quence maximale synchrone, au-del\u00e0 de laquelle le stimulateur n\u2019est plus autoris\u00e9 \u00e0 stimuler le ventricule en suivant l\u2019oreillette. <em>AP\/AS : \u00e9v\u00e9nement atrial stimul\u00e9\/d\u00e9tect\u00e9 ; VP\/VS : \u00e9v\u00e9nement ventriculaire stimul\u00e9\/d\u00e9tect\u00e9.<\/em><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc857cb e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"dc857cb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12f2158 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"12f2158\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Exemple clinique du mode DDD<\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-efabeba elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"efabeba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig6-fr.webp\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Traditional pacing modes \u2013 book tracing 6 (FR)\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTI2MzEsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9jYXJkaW9jYXNlcy5jb21cL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzA3XC9wbS10cmFkaXRpb25hbC1tb2Rlcy1ib29rLWZpZzYtZnIud2VicCJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1336\" height=\"559\" src=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig6-fr.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-12631\" alt=\"Mode DDD \u00e0 60 bpm : alternance de cycles AS-VP (d\u00e9lai AV de 120 ms apr\u00e8s une activit\u00e9 atriale d\u00e9tect\u00e9e) et AP-VP (d\u00e9lai AV de 150 ms apr\u00e8s stimulation atriale). L\u2019intervalle entre\u2026\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig6-fr.webp 1336w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig6-fr-300x126.webp 300w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig6-fr-1024x428.webp 1024w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig6-fr-768x321.webp 768w, https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/pm-traditional-modes-book-fig6-fr-18x8.webp 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1336px) 100vw, 1336px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-06b1246 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"06b1246\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"background:#f1f5f8;border-left:4px solid #7DA5B9;padding:9px 13px;margin:2px 0 4px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.55;border-radius:0 4px 4px 0\"><strong>Figure \u2013<\/strong> Mode DDD \u00e0 60 bpm : alternance de cycles AS-VP (d\u00e9lai AV de 120 ms apr\u00e8s une activit\u00e9 atriale d\u00e9tect\u00e9e) et AP-VP (d\u00e9lai AV de 150 ms apr\u00e8s stimulation atriale). L\u2019intervalle entre deux VP est alors 30 ms plus long que l\u2019intervalle de fr\u00e9quence minimale : c\u2019est la diff\u00e9rence entre d\u00e9lai AV stimul\u00e9 et d\u00e9lai AV d\u00e9tect\u00e9.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c499791 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c499791\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Chez ce patient, l\u2019interrogation du stimulateur montrerait un pourcentage de stimulation ventriculaire proche de 100 %. Une des priorit\u00e9s de la programmation est de r\u00e9duire au maximum toute stimulation ventriculaire inutile sans alt\u00e9rer la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 du patient.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e2d2373 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e2d2373\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u00c9viter la stimulation ventriculaire droite inutile<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63d967d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"63d967d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Une stimulation ventriculaire droite prolong\u00e9e favorise un remodelage d\u00e9l\u00e9t\u00e8re (augmentation des volumes ventriculaires) et les arythmies atriales, et sa r\u00e9duction prolonge la long\u00e9vit\u00e9 de la pile. Un pourcentage \u00e9lev\u00e9 de stimulation ventriculaire chez un patient implant\u00e9 pour dysfonction sinusale doit donc faire discuter l\u2019utilisation d\u2019algorithmes sp\u00e9cifiques. Des d\u00e9lais AV prolong\u00e9s au long cours r\u00e9duisent la stimulation ventriculaire mais alt\u00e8rent le remplissage ventriculaire et favorisent les TRE et le bloc 2:1 \u00e0 l\u2019effort. Les autres options sont l\u2019hyst\u00e9r\u00e9sis du d\u00e9lai AV (par exemple VIP, Abbott) et les modes commutant entre AAI\/ADI et DDD : MVP (Medtronic), RYTHMIQ (Boston Scientific), SafeR (MicroPort) et Vp Suppression (Biotronik). Avec ces modes, une ou deux ondes P bloqu\u00e9es peuvent correspondre \u00e0 un fonctionnement normal ; ils ne sont pas justifi\u00e9s en cas de BAV de haut grade.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e6a33dc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e6a33dc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"background:#eef5f9;border-left:4px solid #173C58;padding:12px 16px;border-radius:4px;margin:4px 0 18px\"><strong>Astuce ECG.<\/strong> L\u2019ECG de surface ne suffit pas \u00e0 identifier le mode programm\u00e9 : une r\u00e9p\u00e9tition de s\u00e9quences stimulation atriale \u2013 activation ventriculaire spontan\u00e9e (AP-VS) peut correspondre aux modes DDD, AAI, AAT ou DDI, \u00e0 un mode sp\u00e9cifique constructeur pr\u00e9servant l\u2019activation ventriculaire spontan\u00e9e, ou \u00e0 une hyst\u00e9r\u00e9sis du d\u00e9lai AV.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a895bc2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a895bc2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"\/fr\/pacing-defibrillation\/basic-concepts\/pacemaker\/algorithms-favoring-av-conduction\/\">Modes sp\u00e9cifiques de stimulation (favorisant la conduction AV)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/fr\/pacing-defibrillation\/devices-per-company\/medtronic\/mvp-medtronic\/\">Medtronic \u2013 MVP<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/fr\/pacing-defibrillation\/devices-per-company\/boston-scientific\/pacing-modes-boston-scientific\/\">Boston Scientific \u2013 Modes de stimulation<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/fr\/pacing-defibrillation\/devices-per-company\/abbott\/pacing-modes-abbott\/\">Abbott \u2013 Modes de stimulation<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/fr\/pacing-defibrillation\/devices-per-company\/biotronik\/pacing-modes-biotronik\/\">Biotronik \u2013 Modes de stimulation<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/fr\/pacing-defibrillation\/devices-per-company\/microport-crm\/pacing-modes-microport\/\">MicroPort \u2013 Modes de stimulation<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c4db39d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"c4db39d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Revue des modes de stimulation<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a9713e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5a9713e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div style=\"overflow-x:auto;margin:0 0 16px\"><table style=\"border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;min-width:520px;font-size:15px\"><thead><tr><th style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;background:#eef3f7;color:#173C58\">Mode<\/th><th style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;background:#eef3f7;color:#173C58\">Utilisation principale<\/th><th style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;background:#eef3f7;color:#173C58\">Principaux risques \/ limites<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">ODO<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">Diagnostic (v\u00e9rification de la d\u00e9tection) ; IRM chez le patient non d\u00e9pendant<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">Pas de stimulation : jamais au long cours<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">AOO \/ VOO \/ DOO<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">Chirurgie avec bistouri \u00e9lectrique ou IRM chez le patient d\u00e9pendant ; mode aimant<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">Stimulation en p\u00e9riode vuln\u00e9rable (R sur T, FA)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">AAT \/ VVT<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">Dispositifs anciens ; chirurgie ; v\u00e9rification de la d\u00e9tection<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">Tr\u00e8s rarement utilis\u00e9s aujourd\u2019hui<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">AAI(R)<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">Dysfonction sinusale pure<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">Contre-indiqu\u00e9 en cas de trouble de conduction AV ; DDD(R) pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 (ESC 2021)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">VVI(R)<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">FA lente<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">Syndrome du pacemaker (conduction r\u00e9trograde)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">VDD<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">BAV avec fonction sinusale pr\u00e9serv\u00e9e<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">D\u00e9tection atriale moins fiable (dip\u00f4le flottant)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">DDI(R)<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">Arythmies atriales (mode de repli) ; TRE r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9es<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">Pas de synchronisation AV sur les ondes P d\u00e9tect\u00e9es<\/td><\/tr><tr><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">DDD(R)<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">Dysfonction sinusale et\/ou BAV<\/td><td style=\"border:1px solid #d6dde3;padding:7px 9px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top\">Stimulation ventriculaire droite inutile<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f1b098 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2f1b098\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Voir aussi<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-608abdb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"608abdb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul><li><a href=\"\/fr\/pacing-defibrillation\/basic-concepts\/pacemaker\/general-av-delay-and-refractory-periods\/\">G\u00e9n\u00e9ralit\u00e9s d\u00e9lai AV et p\u00e9riodes r\u00e9fractaires<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/fr\/pacing-defibrillation\/basic-concepts\/pacemaker\/atrial-refractory-periods\/\">Les p\u00e9riodes r\u00e9fractaires atriales<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/fr\/pacing-defibrillation\/basic-concepts\/pacemaker\/ventricular-refractory-periods\/\">Les p\u00e9riodes r\u00e9fractaires ventriculaires<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/fr\/pacing-defibrillation\/basic-concepts\/pacemaker\/detection\/\">D\u00e9tection<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/fr\/pacing-defibrillation\/basic-concepts\/pacemaker\/mode-switch-during-atrial-arrhythmias\/\">Repli sur arythmies atriales<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/fr\/pacing-defibrillation\/basic-concepts\/pacemaker\/pacemaker-mediated-tachycardia\/\">La tachycardie r\u00e9entrante \u00e9lectronique (TRE)<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"\/fr\/pacing-defibrillation\/basic-concepts\/pacemaker\/sensors-for-frequency-control\/\">Asservissement de fr\u00e9quence<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f12e71 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"2f12e71\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72a7f92 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"72a7f92\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Discover relevant cases<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f6575c e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5f6575c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc2ffa2 elementor-grid-3 elementor-grid-tablet-2 elementor-grid-mobile-1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-loop-grid\" data-id=\"dc2ffa2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;template_id&quot;:&quot;1685&quot;,&quot;pagination_type&quot;:&quot;numbers_and_prev_next&quot;,&quot;pagination_load_type&quot;:&quot;ajax&quot;,&quot;_skin&quot;:&quot;post&quot;,&quot;columns&quot;:&quot;3&quot;,&quot;columns_tablet&quot;:&quot;2&quot;,&quot;columns_mobile&quot;:&quot;1&quot;,&quot;edit_handle_selector&quot;:&quot;[data-elementor-type=\\&quot;loop-item\\&quot;]&quot;,&quot;row_gap&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;row_gap_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;row_gap_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"loop-grid.post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-loop-container elementor-grid\" role=\"list\">\n\t\t<style 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.elementor-icon{font-size:20px;}.elementor-1685 .elementor-element.elementor-element-63814c0 .elementor-icon svg{height:20px;}.elementor-1685 .elementor-element.elementor-element-37291e4{--display:flex;--margin-top:0px;--margin-bottom:0px;--margin-left:0px;--margin-right:0px;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-1685 .elementor-element.elementor-element-bfe0ea9{--display:flex;--flex-direction:column;--container-widget-width:100%;--container-widget-height:initial;--container-widget-flex-grow:0;--container-widget-align-self:initial;--flex-wrap-mobile:wrap;--justify-content:flex-end;--margin-top:0px;--margin-bottom:0px;--margin-left:0px;--margin-right:0px;--padding-top:0px;--padding-bottom:0px;--padding-left:0px;--padding-right:0px;}.elementor-1685 .elementor-element.elementor-element-bfe0ea9.e-con{--align-self:flex-end;--order:99999 \/* order end hack *\/;}.elementor-widget-button .elementor-button{background-color:var( --e-global-color-accent );font-family:var( --e-global-typography-accent-font-family ), Sans-serif;font-weight:var( --e-global-typography-accent-font-weight );}.elementor-1685 .elementor-element.elementor-element-a6f7b9a .elementor-button{background-color:var( --e-global-color-primary );fill:var( --e-global-color-text );color:var( --e-global-color-text );}@media(min-width:768px){.elementor-1685 .elementor-element.elementor-element-f60fb90{--width:93.821%;}.elementor-1685 .elementor-element.elementor-element-4402c8b{--width:10%;}.elementor-1685 .elementor-element.elementor-element-de1b005{--width:85%;}.elementor-1685 .elementor-element.elementor-element-75352b6{--width:10%;}.elementor-1685 .elementor-element.elementor-element-37291e4{--width:85%;}}<\/style>\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1685\" class=\"elementor elementor-1685 e-loop-item e-loop-item-5153 post-5153 pacing_trace type-pacing_trace status-publish hentry pacing_company-medtronic device_category-pacemaker pacemaker_labels-pacing-modes\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f60fb90 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f60fb90\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de2f700 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"de2f700\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d7697c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4d7697c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/pacing_trace\/dislodgement-of-atrial-lead\/\">Dislodgement of atrial lead<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94527a5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"94527a5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4402c8b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4402c8b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed2868c elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"ed2868c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-tag\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 252.118V48C0 21.49 21.49 0 48 0h204.118a48 48 0 0 1 33.941 14.059l211.882 211.882c18.745 18.745 18.745 49.137 0 67.882L293.823 497.941c-18.745 18.745-49.137 18.745-67.882 0L14.059 286.059A48 48 0 0 1 0 252.118zM112 64c-26.51 0-48 21.49-48 48s21.49 48 48 48 48-21.49 48-48-21.49-48-48-48z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de1b005 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"de1b005\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f69d88 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8f69d88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/pacing_company\/medtronic\/\" rel=\"tag\">Medtronic<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-160a552 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"160a552\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75352b6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"75352b6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63814c0 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"63814c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-tag\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 252.118V48C0 21.49 21.49 0 48 0h204.118a48 48 0 0 1 33.941 14.059l211.882 211.882c18.745 18.745 18.745 49.137 0 67.882L293.823 497.941c-18.745 18.745-49.137 18.745-67.882 0L14.059 286.059A48 48 0 0 1 0 252.118zM112 64c-26.51 0-48 21.49-48 48s21.49 48 48 48 48-21.49 48-48-21.49-48-48-48z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37291e4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37291e4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c74ec9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1c74ec9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/device_category\/pacemaker\/\" rel=\"tag\">Pacemaker<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bfe0ea9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bfe0ea9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6f7b9a elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"a6f7b9a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/pacing_trace\/dislodgement-of-atrial-lead\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Read more<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1685\" class=\"elementor elementor-1685 e-loop-item e-loop-item-5067 post-5067 pacing_trace type-pacing_trace status-publish hentry pacing_company-medtronic device_category-pacemaker pacemaker_labels-pacing-modes\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f60fb90 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f60fb90\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de2f700 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"de2f700\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d7697c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4d7697c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/pacing_trace\/pacing-in-mvp-mode\/\">Pacing in MVP mode<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94527a5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"94527a5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4402c8b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4402c8b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed2868c elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"ed2868c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-tag\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 252.118V48C0 21.49 21.49 0 48 0h204.118a48 48 0 0 1 33.941 14.059l211.882 211.882c18.745 18.745 18.745 49.137 0 67.882L293.823 497.941c-18.745 18.745-49.137 18.745-67.882 0L14.059 286.059A48 48 0 0 1 0 252.118zM112 64c-26.51 0-48 21.49-48 48s21.49 48 48 48 48-21.49 48-48-21.49-48-48-48z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de1b005 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"de1b005\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f69d88 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8f69d88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/pacing_company\/medtronic\/\" rel=\"tag\">Medtronic<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-160a552 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"160a552\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75352b6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"75352b6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63814c0 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"63814c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-tag\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 252.118V48C0 21.49 21.49 0 48 0h204.118a48 48 0 0 1 33.941 14.059l211.882 211.882c18.745 18.745 18.745 49.137 0 67.882L293.823 497.941c-18.745 18.745-49.137 18.745-67.882 0L14.059 286.059A48 48 0 0 1 0 252.118zM112 64c-26.51 0-48 21.49-48 48s21.49 48 48 48 48-21.49 48-48-21.49-48-48-48z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37291e4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37291e4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c74ec9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1c74ec9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/device_category\/pacemaker\/\" rel=\"tag\">Pacemaker<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bfe0ea9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bfe0ea9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6f7b9a elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"a6f7b9a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/pacing_trace\/pacing-in-mvp-mode\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Read more<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1685\" class=\"elementor elementor-1685 e-loop-item e-loop-item-5065 post-5065 pacing_trace type-pacing_trace status-publish hentry pacing_company-medtronic device_category-pacemaker pacemaker_labels-pacing-modes\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f60fb90 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f60fb90\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de2f700 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"de2f700\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d7697c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4d7697c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/pacing_trace\/pacing-in-ddd-mode-2\/\">Pacing in DDD mode<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94527a5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"94527a5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4402c8b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4402c8b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed2868c elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"ed2868c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-tag\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 252.118V48C0 21.49 21.49 0 48 0h204.118a48 48 0 0 1 33.941 14.059l211.882 211.882c18.745 18.745 18.745 49.137 0 67.882L293.823 497.941c-18.745 18.745-49.137 18.745-67.882 0L14.059 286.059A48 48 0 0 1 0 252.118zM112 64c-26.51 0-48 21.49-48 48s21.49 48 48 48 48-21.49 48-48-21.49-48-48-48z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de1b005 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"de1b005\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f69d88 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8f69d88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/pacing_company\/medtronic\/\" rel=\"tag\">Medtronic<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-160a552 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"160a552\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75352b6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"75352b6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63814c0 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"63814c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-tag\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 252.118V48C0 21.49 21.49 0 48 0h204.118a48 48 0 0 1 33.941 14.059l211.882 211.882c18.745 18.745 18.745 49.137 0 67.882L293.823 497.941c-18.745 18.745-49.137 18.745-67.882 0L14.059 286.059A48 48 0 0 1 0 252.118zM112 64c-26.51 0-48 21.49-48 48s21.49 48 48 48 48-21.49 48-48-21.49-48-48-48z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37291e4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37291e4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c74ec9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1c74ec9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/device_category\/pacemaker\/\" rel=\"tag\">Pacemaker<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bfe0ea9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bfe0ea9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6f7b9a elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"a6f7b9a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/pacing_trace\/pacing-in-ddd-mode-2\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Read more<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1685\" class=\"elementor elementor-1685 e-loop-item e-loop-item-5063 post-5063 pacing_trace type-pacing_trace status-publish hentry pacing_company-medtronic device_category-pacemaker pacemaker_labels-pacing-modes\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f60fb90 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f60fb90\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de2f700 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"de2f700\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d7697c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4d7697c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/pacing_trace\/dual-chamber-ddi-mode-3\/\">Dual chamber DDI mode<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94527a5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"94527a5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4402c8b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4402c8b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed2868c elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"ed2868c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-tag\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 252.118V48C0 21.49 21.49 0 48 0h204.118a48 48 0 0 1 33.941 14.059l211.882 211.882c18.745 18.745 18.745 49.137 0 67.882L293.823 497.941c-18.745 18.745-49.137 18.745-67.882 0L14.059 286.059A48 48 0 0 1 0 252.118zM112 64c-26.51 0-48 21.49-48 48s21.49 48 48 48 48-21.49 48-48-21.49-48-48-48z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de1b005 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"de1b005\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f69d88 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8f69d88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/pacing_company\/medtronic\/\" rel=\"tag\">Medtronic<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-160a552 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"160a552\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75352b6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"75352b6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63814c0 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"63814c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-tag\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 252.118V48C0 21.49 21.49 0 48 0h204.118a48 48 0 0 1 33.941 14.059l211.882 211.882c18.745 18.745 18.745 49.137 0 67.882L293.823 497.941c-18.745 18.745-49.137 18.745-67.882 0L14.059 286.059A48 48 0 0 1 0 252.118zM112 64c-26.51 0-48 21.49-48 48s21.49 48 48 48 48-21.49 48-48-21.49-48-48-48z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37291e4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37291e4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c74ec9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1c74ec9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/device_category\/pacemaker\/\" rel=\"tag\">Pacemaker<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bfe0ea9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bfe0ea9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6f7b9a elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"a6f7b9a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/pacing_trace\/dual-chamber-ddi-mode-3\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Read more<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1685\" class=\"elementor elementor-1685 e-loop-item e-loop-item-5059 post-5059 pacing_trace type-pacing_trace status-publish hentry pacing_company-medtronic device_category-pacemaker pacemaker_labels-pacing-modes\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f60fb90 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f60fb90\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de2f700 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"de2f700\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d7697c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4d7697c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/pacing_trace\/dual-chamber-vdd-mode-2\/\">Dual chamber VDD mode<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94527a5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"94527a5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4402c8b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4402c8b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed2868c elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"ed2868c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-tag\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 252.118V48C0 21.49 21.49 0 48 0h204.118a48 48 0 0 1 33.941 14.059l211.882 211.882c18.745 18.745 18.745 49.137 0 67.882L293.823 497.941c-18.745 18.745-49.137 18.745-67.882 0L14.059 286.059A48 48 0 0 1 0 252.118zM112 64c-26.51 0-48 21.49-48 48s21.49 48 48 48 48-21.49 48-48-21.49-48-48-48z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de1b005 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"de1b005\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f69d88 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8f69d88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/pacing_company\/medtronic\/\" rel=\"tag\">Medtronic<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-160a552 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"160a552\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75352b6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"75352b6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63814c0 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"63814c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-tag\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 252.118V48C0 21.49 21.49 0 48 0h204.118a48 48 0 0 1 33.941 14.059l211.882 211.882c18.745 18.745 18.745 49.137 0 67.882L293.823 497.941c-18.745 18.745-49.137 18.745-67.882 0L14.059 286.059A48 48 0 0 1 0 252.118zM112 64c-26.51 0-48 21.49-48 48s21.49 48 48 48 48-21.49 48-48-21.49-48-48-48z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37291e4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37291e4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c74ec9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1c74ec9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/device_category\/pacemaker\/\" rel=\"tag\">Pacemaker<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bfe0ea9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bfe0ea9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6f7b9a elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"a6f7b9a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/pacing_trace\/dual-chamber-vdd-mode-2\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Read more<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"loop-item\" data-elementor-id=\"1685\" class=\"elementor elementor-1685 e-loop-item e-loop-item-5053 post-5053 pacing_trace type-pacing_trace status-publish hentry pacing_company-medtronic device_category-pacemaker pacemaker_labels-pacing-modes\" data-elementor-post-type=\"elementor_library\" data-custom-edit-handle=\"1\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f60fb90 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"f60fb90\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de2f700 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"de2f700\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4d7697c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4d7697c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/pacing_trace\/triggered-modes-3\/\">Triggered modes<\/a><\/h4>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-94527a5 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"94527a5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4402c8b e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4402c8b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ed2868c elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"ed2868c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-tag\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 252.118V48C0 21.49 21.49 0 48 0h204.118a48 48 0 0 1 33.941 14.059l211.882 211.882c18.745 18.745 18.745 49.137 0 67.882L293.823 497.941c-18.745 18.745-49.137 18.745-67.882 0L14.059 286.059A48 48 0 0 1 0 252.118zM112 64c-26.51 0-48 21.49-48 48s21.49 48 48 48 48-21.49 48-48-21.49-48-48-48z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de1b005 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"de1b005\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8f69d88 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8f69d88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/pacing_company\/medtronic\/\" rel=\"tag\">Medtronic<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-160a552 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"160a552\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75352b6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"75352b6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63814c0 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"63814c0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-tag\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M0 252.118V48C0 21.49 21.49 0 48 0h204.118a48 48 0 0 1 33.941 14.059l211.882 211.882c18.745 18.745 18.745 49.137 0 67.882L293.823 497.941c-18.745 18.745-49.137 18.745-67.882 0L14.059 286.059A48 48 0 0 1 0 252.118zM112 64c-26.51 0-48 21.49-48 48s21.49 48 48 48 48-21.49 48-48-21.49-48-48-48z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37291e4 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"37291e4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c74ec9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1c74ec9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/device_category\/pacemaker\/\" rel=\"tag\">Pacemaker<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bfe0ea9 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bfe0ea9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a6f7b9a elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"a6f7b9a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/pacing_trace\/triggered-modes-3\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Read more<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-load-more-anchor\" data-page=\"1\" data-max-page=\"5\" data-next-page=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/?e-page-dc2ffa2=2\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<nav class=\"elementor-pagination\" aria-label=\"Pagination\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"page-numbers prev\">Previous<\/span>\n<span aria-current=\"page\" class=\"page-numbers current\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>1<\/span>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/231\/?e-page-dc2ffa2=2\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>2<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/231\/?e-page-dc2ffa2=3\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>3<\/a>\n<span class=\"page-numbers dots\">\u2026<\/span>\n<a class=\"page-numbers\" href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/231\/?e-page-dc2ffa2=5\"><span class=\"elementor-screen-only\">Page<\/span>5<\/a>\n<a class=\"page-numbers next\" href=\"https:\/\/cardiocases.com\/fr\/?e-page-dc2ffa2=2\">Next<\/a>\t\t<\/nav>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Traditional pacing modes Depending on the number of leads and the device model, different pacing modes can be programmed. Choosing the mode is the first essential step in programming a single- or dual-chamber pacemaker, since it directly affects the other parameters; it takes into account the patient&#8217;s age, indication for implantation, intrinsic rhythm, exercise capacity, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":21,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-231","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Pacemaker Pacing Modes: VVI, DDD, AAI, DDDR Explained | Cardiocases<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn VVI, DDD, AAI, DDDR &amp; all traditional pacemaker pacing modes \u2014 real ECG tracings, timing cycles, sensing &amp; clinical examples. 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